Cholera is mostly transmitted through human-to-human transmission, but it can also be transmitted through unclean environments. Vibrio cholerae can exist in sewage for a long time, and its incubation period ranges from several hours to 5 days.
What are the Symptoms of Cholera?
Cholera is an acute bacterial enteropathy with sudden onset. Symptoms include painless diarrhea, vomiting, rapid dehydration, sudden weight loss and muscle cramps. In severe cases, shock and death can occur within a few hours, and the fatality rate can exceed 50%.
What are the causes of the cholera?
include drinking water contaminated with Vibrio cholerae and uncooked food, especially fruits and vegetables. Human-to-human transmission is mainly caused by a patient being infected with water or food contaminated by the feces or vomit of a patient (primary) or a carrier (secondary).
What are the Prevention of Cholera?
In terms of diet: shellfish and seafood must be cooked until fully cooked before eating; water must be boiled before drinking; leftover food should be placed in the refrigerator as much as possible to avoid leaving it in the air for too long.
Environmental aspects: Try to keep the environment as hygienic as possible. People traveling to cholera-affected areas should receive vaccinations.
What are the Treatment of Cholera?
is mainly through fluid replacement and antibiotics. The most important step in fluid therapy is the replacement of adequate electrolyte fluids to correct dehydration, acidosis, and hypokalemia. Patients in shock require rapid intravenous fluid replacement. Antibiotic treatment can shorten the duration of diarrhea and bacterial elimination.
